The colloquium focus on various aspects of pulmonary diseases, specifically on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It includes a pro-con debate on whether asthma and COPD are one or two distinct lung diseases, discussions on the pathophysiology of COPD, the microbiome in COPD, treatable traits in COPD, and primary prevention of COPD/smoking cessation. The event will feature multiple sessions including roundtable discussions and working group meetings